Before we get to the chips,
here are a few things I'd be happy if you could help me with:
Maybe you have the card or have downloaded a card image of Roland FANXRUP1 or FANXUP1
that was once floating around the web? If you have the card but don't
know how to create an exact backup of it, I'll help you with it - it's easy.
Although unlikely, maybe you have Roland VP-9000 demo disk demo song files?
Or maybe copied floppy files Casio WK-1800 Accessory Disk (demo disk that came with it)?
It doesn't seem to be for download on any casio support and fan sites.
You might like the main reason I'm lookig for it - it is clearly a fun attack vector
to non-destructively dump its maskrom (in Hitachi H8) since it actually
allows to execute arbitrary code! While dumping can be done even by
blinking a led chdk-style, in this case there's already initialized and
working uart for that. Further, if all is well, waveroms (8Mbyte total)
can also be dumped this way, since H8 can quickly access them, and
procedure to do this for studying will be in the maskrom. On the other
hand, I'll very likely at some point just desolder and dump waveroms
anyways - but it could be more epic to dump it via diskette and midi.
I'm looking for an Alesis XT:C rom dump and also Alesis XT-Reverb rom dump, Here's a MidiVerb dump for you in exchange. In fact, you can find tons of my dumped roms on this great webpage.
Also - maybe you have an Alesis Wedge rom dump? Or, at least, have made some photos of its inside?
It seems that Yamaha CS6x/CS6R supplied accessory CD
(with old original software and preload audio clips) is not amongst the
available support downloads - maybe you have it and can dump its
contents?
It seems there that earliest version (A00) of the Yamaha FB01
firmware rom is somewhat rare, and I esimate, based on the units that I
have, that at most 10%-20% of the units in the wild do have it. All
usual ones have the most-likely-final C00, that I have desoldered,
dumped and shared in the far away ancient times. However, for the sake
of history and disassembly fun, having A00 dumped is a must as well,
though I don't realy have too much of spare time to desolder and dump
it, especially since maybe someone has already dumped this version
(given the popularity and abundance of these modules). So if you have
it, let me know. At some point I might desolder it and dump it, if it
turns out to be realy rare, but I'd better spend that time desoldering
and dumping something else.
Also, for the curious, initial hardware version (with A00 rom) only
differs with (besides missing ground wire from the pcb inside) that it
does not have a metal sub-chasis under the pcb, so you can tell that
from the outside by looking from the bottom: early ones have two holes,
but no screws in them, and instead has white plastic pegs in other
holes right besides front panel. Serial numbers for the A00 version
seem to be below 02000, while 07000 and up definitely has version C00.
No idea about if there was a B00 version in betwen 02000 and 07000.
(I will likely make a separate article on FB-01 at some point)
Any of the ART MultiVerb, ProVerb or similar reverbs/effect rom dumps are also of interest for me, for example I'm looking for ART Proverb 200 - here's an ART Multiverb LT dump for you in exchange.
It seems that there exists a version 2.02 firmware dump of Lexicon MPX-500 - I'd like to burn a fresh firmware for mine. Maybe you have it?
Judging by the immense popularity of PSS-51 in eastern europe, aisa and
amongst russians, it is quite hard to believe that no one have dumped
its roms. Maybe you have dumps of Yamaha PSS-51 program, abc and/or waveroms? Or maybe you know one for local pickup somewhere within Baltic states?
In regards to multieffect pedals - maybe you have a rom dump of Roland/BOSS GT-10B? There in this great webpage you can find my GT-3,5,6,8 dumps.
And maybe someone has already desoldered and dumped PSR-6000 waveroms?
Those are three pieces of DIP42 chips, each 2Mbyte (besides two more chips with styles and
then two DIP40 with program and demo songs). I am somewhat tempted to
grab one from the local trash market to do this, yet not sure if I
realy have to. And I don't have a clue when I could actually get to
desoldering it, even if I' ll grab one now. Still GEW9 stuff seems
rather interesting and not that common to come by in the keyboards.
If you do, please email me!
Yamaha Chips
This is an attempt to create the most extensive Yamaha
synth chip list ever. Includes hard/impossibe to find
pinouts, too.
Information, that I add here, is mostly checked/confirmed/found out by myself, unless sometimes otherwise noted.
 |
|
Currently under construction. I am going to fill up the cells, add pinouts, missing entries and lists gradually, whenever I will find some spare time for doing it.
Распайка, распиновка, データシート
By the way, I do not sell these chips. This table is for a rather comprehensive reference of what can be found in most of yamaha synthesizers - so it's easier to find some documentation on similar innards for an instrument, that has otherwise no documentation avalable.
This reference table also allows to quite precisely assess the character and quality of the sound for a particular keyboard, by knowing the sound of other similar ones. Common DSP/FM source produces rather similar sound on any sythesizer based around the same chip, or at least have similar certain aspects, particular character or oddities of the sound.
Intuitively, initial meanings of certain tone generator dsp designations might have been a litle different than the ones given in the documentation:
SWL - Standard Wave Low-cost or Lite (and there's even lowcost-ier thing than these ones, called SWLL)
SWX - Standard Wave XG-ish (medium-grade stuff with at least 32 voice poly, filters and effects)
SWP - Standard Wave Professional (almost all can sound truly great, though there is also a low-cost cut down L-versions that does not)
YM series
| IC name |
Yamaha's alias |
Yamahas official short description |
My notes |
Used in (synths) |
| YM001 |
Their first chip is just a clone of LM3211 |
YC-45D |
||
| YM248 00 |
SSK |
Keyscanner, converting into CV and TRIG |
CS-30 |
|
| YM254 (pinout) |
Reference frequency divider, typical thing in electronic organs. Generates reference (high) frequencies for every semitone from one high frequency oscillator. | D-30, YC-45D | ||
| YM311 |
KC |
"Key Coder" |
||
| YM312 |
CP |
"Channel Processor" |
||
| YM316 |
ACC |
"Accumulator" |
||
| YM318 |
MPX |
"Multiplexer" |
||
| YM320 |
IG |
"Initial touch Generator" |
||
| YM321 |
EG |
"Envelope Generator" |
||
| YM322 |
EC |
"Envelope Controller" |
||
| YM327 |
ADD |
"Adder" |
||
| YM334 |
AG |
"Aftertouch Generator" |
||
| YM344 |
PG |
"Phase Generator" |
||
| YM347 |
VRG |
"Voice Register" |
||
| YM351 00 (pinout) |
"Low Noise 512 Stage BBD" |
Classic BBD delay line for chorus. |
MR-500, FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 |
|
| YM351 00B |
FS-50, FS-70 |
|||
| YM601 00 |
KAS |
"Key Assigner" |
Electone C-55N, C-200 |
|
| YM603 00 |
ROM II |
"Auto Rhythm, Auto Bass Chord" |
Weird special rom with drum trigger outputs. |
C-200 |
| YM604 | "Digital Tone Generator I" |
As reported by Claus |
Electone A-55N | |
| YM605 00 |
DTGII |
"Tone Generator II" |
Electone C-55N, C-200 |
|
| YM606 00 | DTG III |
"Tone Generator III" |
C-200 |
|
| YM607 00 |
DTG IV | "Tone Generator IV" | Electone C-55N, C-200 |
|
| YM608 00 (pinout) |
"Symphonic Chorus Clock Generator" "String Ensemble Clock Generator" |
C-55N, FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 |
||
| YM614 00 |
DTG III | "Tone Generator III" | Same name as the YM606 00. |
Electone C-55N |
| YM626 | DVG |
"Delay Vibrato" |
Electone A-55N, C-55N |
|
| YM630 |
some old Electone, will dig up papers later | |||
| YM631 |
some old Electone, will dig up papers later | |||
| YM632 |
some old Electone, will dig up papers later | |||
| YM633 00 |
SEC-II |
"Symphonic Ensemble Controller" "Symphonic Ensemble Clock Generator 2" |
BBD/CCD delay line chip control generator |
MR-500 |
| YM634 | ROM V | "Rhythm Generator" | Electone A-55N | |
| YM635 00 |
ROM VI |
"Rhythm Generator" |
Some logic with rom that directly triggers drums accordingly to a selected pattern. |
Electone C-55N |
| YM636 |
CPA |
"Key Assigner Channel Prossesor" (sic) |
CP-35 |
|
| YM705 |
some old Electone, will dig up papers later | |||
| YM707 |
some old Electone, will dig up papers later | |||
| YM722 |
CPB |
"Wave Source" |
CP-35 |
|
| YM802 |
One of the scariest ceramic oldschool chips I've ever seen. |
some old Electone, will dig up papers later |
||
| YM806 (pinout) |
OPA |
"Operator" also "OPE-OPRC" |
Functions as OPE or OPRC (ensemble or rhythm) based on control data. |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 |
| YM1001 | KAR |
"Key Assigner & Rhythm" | PS-20, ?PS-30 | |
| YM10010 |
KAR |
"Key Assigner & Rhythm" |
DIP40 |
CN-70 |
| YM1002 |
PSC II |
"Parallel - Serial Converter" | DIP16 (likely the same as below) |
CP-11, PS-20, PS-30 |
| YM10020 |
PSC |
"Parallel Serial Converter" |
DIP16 weird thing with negative logic and 1-bit serial streams. 1970-ties style emitter-coupled logic (ECL) |
CN-70 |
| YM1008 |
GH1 |
"Generator, Handy Sound-1" |
HS-200 |
|
| YM1011 |
KAR |
"Key Assigner & Rhythm" | DIP40 |
CP-11, ?PS-30 |
| YM10150 | DTG | "Key Coder Tone Generator" | CS-01 | |
| YM10180 | GH2 | "Generator, Handy Sound-2" | HS-500 | |
| YM1019 (pinout) | GE4 |
"Digital Tone Generator - 4" |
Wave generator / synthesizer |
MP-1, PC-50, PC-100, PS-400 |
| YM1020 |
IE |
PlayCard processor |
PC-50, PC-100 |
|
| YM1032 |
KAP |
Keyboard control processor, on these eary models called "Key Assigner" |
PC-50, PC-100 |
|
| YM1034 (pinout) | KAP2 | Keyboard control processor, on these eary models called "Key Assigner" | MP-1, PS-400 | |
| YM1035 (pinout) |
SECIII |
"Symphonic Ensemble Clock Generator-III" also "Tremolo Clock Generator III" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 |
|
| YM1038 | MIE? |
PC-50 | ||
| YM1101 |
DOM |
"Digital Tone Generator" | DIP40 |
CP-11, PS-20, PS-30 |
| YM11010 |
DOM |
"Digital Tone Generator" |
CN-70 |
|
| YM1102 |
DIP24 |
PS-20, PS-30 | ||
| YM1104 (pinout) | GE2 |
"GE II (Generator 2)" | Somewhat self sufficient simple preset 8-voice keyboard chip with a few automatic accompaniment variations in DIP48, that needs external switchable timbre filters for tones (similarly to transistor organs, for example). Also typical to transistor organs is the way how vibrato applied - just by detuning the master clock (which gives it the extremely cheesy cheap vibe since it applies to all voices, including accompaniment) | PS-2, PS-10 |
| YM2003 |
OP2 |
"Operator" |
YP-40 |
|
| YM2005 |
KAS |
"Key Assigner" |
YP-40 |
|
| YM2021 (iT202100) YM20210 |
KAP3 |
"Key Coder & Assigner for PS" |
Keyboard control processor, on these eary models called "Key Assigner" | PS-25, PS-35, PS-55, CN-1000 |
| YM2022 (iT202200) |
GE5 |
"Generator" |
Wavetable PCM tone generator. Uses external (up to) 4kbyte ROM with sample loops. Requires external DAC. |
PS-25, PS-35, CN-1000 |
| YM2023 (iT202300) |
RYP2 |
"Rhythm for PS" |
Supports up to 64kbyte WaveROM. Requires external DAC. |
PS-25, PS-35, PS-55, CN-1000 |
| YM2025 (pinout) |
SC |
"System Controller" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 |
|
| YM2114 (pinout) |
SCI |
"System Control Interface" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | |
| YM2115 (pinout) |
PG |
"Phase Generator" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | |
| YM2117 (pinout) |
OPB |
"Operator-B" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | |
| YM2118 (pinout) |
OPC |
"Operator-C" |
Used in loop with OPCW |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 |
| YM2119 (pinout) |
DGF |
"Degital Filter" |
Interesting chip, that can be loaded with arbitrary IIR coefficients |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 |
| YM2120 (pinout) |
DACL |
"DAC Logic" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | |
| YM21210 (pinout) |
DRV |
Serial to parallel converter for panel LEDs |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | |
| YM2122 E |
A 20bit reverb DSP in DIP-40, running at 9.6MHz. Sounds surprisingly good, despide it's age (~1982). |
R-1000 (1U reverb unit, not the receiver with the same name) |
||
| YM2124 (pinout) |
OPCW |
"Operator-CW" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | |
| YM2127 (pinout) |
TE |
"Touch Envelope" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | |
| YM2128, YM21280 (photo) |
OPS |
"OPS Operator" | DX-7, TX-7 |
|
| YM2129, YM21290 (photo) |
EGS |
envelope generator | DX-7, TX-7 |
|
| YM2142 | GE8 |
Simple polyphonic 4-voice+rhythm pre-FM age sound chip with 6 analog outputs. |
PCS-30, PSS-160 |
|
| YM2148 |
MKS |
"MIDI interface and Key Scanner" |
CX-5MII |
|
| YM2149 (datasheet) | SSG |
"Software-Controlled Sound Generator" |
Classic chip, clone of AY8912, used in ZX Spectrum, Atari-ST, MSX e.t.c. |
CX-5M, CX-5MII, CX-5MU |
| YM2151 (datasheet) | OPM |
"FM Operator Type-M" |
8ch
4op FM, used in many arcade machines (Atari, Sega, Konami etc), also as
built-in FM synth in some MSX machines and expansions for it |
CX-5MII, CX-5MU, SFG-01, early SFG-05 |
| YM2154 (IT215400) |
RYP4 |
"Rhythm Generator" |
Very
interesting rompler chip, that uses oddball custom serial roms
(YM2190), 2x 6voices. Each half can use only it's own dedicated ROMs,
so the polyphony usualy is 6voices for percussion and 6voices for base. Requires external DAC - YM3010 or YM3012. |
CVP-3, DSR-2000, HS-8, PS-6100, ?PSR-50?, PSR-60, PSR-70, PSR-80, PSR-90, PSR-6300, RX-11, RX-15, RX-17, RX-21, RX-21L |
| YM2159 |
LPD |
"LED Driver" |
Led array driver for panel indication |
CVP-3, CVP-20, CVP-50, DSR-1000, MR-500, PSR-90 |
| YM2160 |
OPCW2 |
"Rhythm Operator" |
FM drums synthesizer |
MR-500 |
| YM2162 (IT216200) |
CRI |
CVP-8, MR-500 |
||
| YM2163 |
Info only from Cyberyogi, have not seen it myself. 4-channel soundsource. |
Testron CL-60910 |
||
| YM2164 |
OPP |
"OPP Operator" |
Used
in IBM MFC sound card as well. Has a very nice round and smooth sound,
and uses external stereo DAC for it's output (YM3012) |
CVP-3, CX-5M, DX-21, DX-27, DX-100, FB-01, MR-500, PS-6100; later SFG-05, also Korg DS-8 and Korg 707 |
| YM2165 (Y2165) |
Small serial ROM in DIP-8, used in music data cartridges for TYU-30. Info only from Tim Milkfloats.
I haven't seen it myself. Interface may be similar to the YM2190:
bitclock, sync, addr to rom (a0..aN), data from rom (d0..d7). If I will
someday get my hands on a TYU-30 with cartridge(s), I will read them
out and post data and format there. This might allow to make an
improvised MIDI interface cartridge, with access to all song
multitimbrality features. |
TYU-30 | ||
| YM2188-x |
Serial drum roms most likely, but haven't yet checked those in life. |
RX-21, RX-21L |
||
| YM2190-1 (YM21901) |
32kbyte
drum and percussion waveform ROM, that utilises an unusual custom
serial bus for RYP4 (YM2154). Contains only ride cymbal. |
RX-11, ?RX-15? |
||
| YM2190-2 (YM21902) |
32kbyte drum and percussion waveform ROM, that utilises an unusual custom serial bus for RYP4 (YM2154). Contains only crash cymbal. | RX-11, ?RX-15? | ||
| YM2190-3 (YM21903) |
32kbyte drum and percussion waveform ROM, that utilises an unusual custom serial bus for RYP4 (YM2154). Contains hihat, cowbell and claps. | RX-11, ?RX-15? | ||
| YM2190-5 (YM21905) |
32kbyte
drum and percussion waveform ROM, that utilises an unusual custom
serial bus for RYP4 (YM2154). Contains a variety of bass and snare
drums, rimshot and tom. |
RX-11 | ||
| YM2190-6 (YM21906) |
32kbyte drum and percussion waveform ROM, that utilises an unusual custom serial bus for RYP4 (YM2154). Contains alternative hihat, cowbell and claps. | RX-11 | ||
| YM2190-7 (YM21907) |
32kbyte drum and percussion waveform ROM, that utilises an unusual custom serial bus for RYP4 (YM2154). Contains one bass, two snares, rimshot, shaker and three toms. | RX-11, ?RX-15? | ||
| YM2190-8 (YM21908) |
ROM |
Drum and percussion waveform ROM, that utilises an unusual custom serial bus for RYP4 (YM2154). | ?PSR-50?, PSR-60, PSR-70 |
|
| YM2190-9 (YM21909) |
ROM |
Drum and percussion waveform ROM, that utilises an unusual custom serial bus for RYP4 (YM2154). | ?PSR-50?, PSR-60, PSR-70 | |
| YM21910 YM2191 (iT219100) |
KAP3 |
"Key Coder & Assigner for PS" | Same as YM20210; mentioned as a compatible replacement option. |
CN-1000 |
| YM2192 (iT219200) |
GE5 |
"Generator" |
Same as YM2022; mentioned as a compatible replacement option. | CN-1000 |
| YM2193 (iT219300) |
RYP2 |
"Rhythm for PS" |
Same as YM2023; mentioned as a compatible replacement option | CN-1000 |
| YM2198 |
KAS |
"Key assigner" |
YP-40 |
|
| YM2203 (datasheet) | OPN |
"FM Operator Type-N" |
3ch FM + 3ch SSG + 1ch Noise |
Arcade machines |
| YM22600 |
"Pedal LSI" |
D-30 |
||
| YM22700 | "8 Rhythm" "Eight Rhythm LSI" |
A-60 |
||
| YM22800 |
"Fourteen Rhythm LSI" |
D-30 |
||
| YM22900 | "ABC Pattern Generator LSI" |
A-60 | ||
| YM23000 | "ABC Main" |
A-60 | ||
| YM2406 (XA804001) |
DFL |
"Digital Filter" |
EL-40, EL-60, HS-5, HS-8 |
|
| YM2409 (XB022001) |
GEW1 |
"Generator of Wave 1" |
Supports
up to 4Mbyte of WaveROM and may support multiple chip cooperation and
mixing through digital serial audio inputs/outputs. Uses external
YM3021 DACs. |
AVS-10, CVP-8, ?TX-16W?, RX-7, HS-8 |
| YM2410 (XA903001) |
GE10 |
Minimalistic
single chip toy synth. Just plain squares, non-FM/PCM. Surprisingly
compact (with respect to it's functions) DIP24 package. |
PSS-30, PSS-120, PSS-130 |
|
| YM2412 |
ADF |
"Adaptive Digital Filter" |
|
CVP-8, ?TX-16W? |
| YM2413 (datasheet) | OPLL |
"FM Operator Type-LL" |
Used in MSX (expansion) and Sega Mark 3 |
PSR-6, PSS-140, PSS-170, PSS-270 |
| YM2414(B) (XB768001) |
OPZ |
"OPZ Operator" | Excellent
Sega Megadrive-ish tone generator. Requires external DAC - YM3012.
Electone HS-8 has five of these inside (besides GEW1), as well as
mysteriously CVS-10 has two of these as well - likely those are used
for percussive
attacks for each voice, since the body of module's organ voice is made
up from 9 components (sine and something else) which is obviously too
much for 4-op fm. I will definitely look into this at some point. |
CVP-8, CVS-10, DSR-1000, DSR-2000, DX-11, EW-20, HS-5, HS-8, PSR-80, PSR-90, PSR-6300, TQ-5, TX81Z, YS-100, YS-200 |
| YM2416(B) (pinout) | Sampling
keyboard microcontroller, includes ADC and DAC, requires external DRAM
for user sample storage. Sampling is plain 8bit PCM. |
VSS-200 |
||
| YM2420 (XD211001) |
OPLL-2 |
"FM Operator Type-LL2" | PSS-140, SHS-10 |
|
| YM2423 | OPLL-X |
"FM Operator Type-LL-X" |
Mentioned to be with the same pinout as YM2413, but haven't seen these myself. |
FM Melody Maker (for Atari ST), Philips PMC100 |
| YM2424 |
OPZ2 |
"OPZ2 FM Tone Generator" | V-50 |
|
| YM2603 | ESG2 |
generates envelopes, lfos and controls for OPS2 |
PF70, PF80 |
|
| YM2604 |
OPS2 |
"FM Operator Type-S" | PF70, PF80, TX-802 |
|
| YM2608 |
OPNA |
FM+SSG+ADPCM chip |
||
| YM2610 (pinout) (translated datasheet) | OPNB |
FM (4x4op) + SSG (3voice) + Noise + 7x ADPCM in one massive ShrinkDIP64 package. |
NEO GEO |
|
| YM2612 (a_lot_of_info) | OPN2 |
Used in Sega MegaDrive/Genesis and some arcade machines, and is my absolute favourite. There exists a perfect clone of this chip called SE-95, which can be found in Sega Megadrive 1 clones. |
Sega Megadrive and Genesis |
|
| YM3010 |
DAC |
"2-Channel parallel input floating D/A converter" |
RX-11 |
|
| YM3012 (IT301200) (datasheet) |
DAC-MS, SUX DAC |
"Floating D/A Converter" |
CVP-3, CVP-8, CX-5MII, CX-5MU, DSR-1000, DSR-2000, FB-01, HS-8, MR-500, Korg 707, PSR-31, PSR-80, PSR-90, PSS-570, TX-81Z | |
| YM3014 |
DAC |
Only for RYP-6 |
PSR-31, PSS-560, PSS-570 | |
| YM3016 |
DAC |
|||
| YM3017 (XA800001) |
DAL2 ver.1 |
"DAC Logic" |
EW-20 (with s/n 01101 to 04100), HS-5, HS-8, TQ-5, V-50, YS-100, YS-200 | |
| YM3020 (XA860001) |
DAC-FS |
"Serial & Binary input Floating D/A Converter" |
yet another 2ch crappy mantissa&exponent dac |
AD-808, DEQ-7 |
| YM3021 (XB073001) |
PSD |
"Pitch Sync DAC" |
Used with ADF chips. |
CVP-8, RX-7 |
| YM3028 (XE789A00) (pinout) |
DAL2 |
"Digial Analog Converter Logic" | AVS-10, CVS-10, EL-40, EL-60 | |
| YM3028A |
DAL2 ver.2 |
"DAC Logic" |
EW-20 with s/n over 04100 |
|
| YM3029 |
AFD0 |
"Floating point converter" |
RM-50, SY-55, SY-99 |
|
| YM3030 (XG075A00) |
DAC |
Mono DAC |
KB-100, PSR-7, PSR-8, PSR-47 |
|
| YM3032 |
DAL3 |
"Digital Analog Converter Logic" |
PSR-6700, SY-22, SY-35 |
|
| YM3301 (pinout) | RYP6 |
"Rhythm Generator 6" | Contains full rompler logic, drum waveform mask ROM and some output formating logic for external serial dac. |
PSR-31, PSR-32, PSS-560, PSS-570 |
| YM3302 |
RYP6 RYP6-2 |
"Rhythm Generator 6" |
Same pinout as YM3301, except for pin14 being renamed from A0 to RS (register select). |
DD-10, DSR-1000 |
| YM3404(B) (datasheet) | CDDF |
"Oversampling Digital Filter" | Boring, as FIR coefficients are stored in internal mask ROM. Likely used only in some CD players. |
|
| YM3413 (XE449A00) |
LDSP |
"L-Digital Signal Processor" also "Sound Field Creation DSP" |
Reprogrammable
16-bit DSP effects processor for hall, room and delay. Uses external
32kbyte SRAM. Sounds surprisingly good for it's looks (DIP-40).
Programs are only 32cycles long, and generaly all rooms and halls use 9
delays with most using two taps. Supports 4 channels for input and
output, though usually only one channel is used for send and stereo
pair used for return. |
AVS-10, CVP-50, CVS-10, DSP-E1000, EL-40, EL-60, EME-1, FX-500, FX-900, PSR-220,
PSR-230, PSR-500, PSR-510, PSR-5700, PSR-6000, PSR-6700, R100, TG-33, TQ-5,
EW-20, SY-22, SY-35, SY-55, SY-77, TG-100, TQ-5, V-50, YS-100, YS-200, CLARION DSP-959 |
| YM3414 |
ACDDF |
"Oversampling Digital Filter" |
Boring, as FIR coefficients are stored in internal mask ROM. Likely used only in some CD players. | |
| YM3415 (XE450A00) |
LEF |
"Effector" "L-Effecter" (sic) |
Digital reverb. Uses external 32kbyte DRAM. |
FX-500, HS-5, PSR-5700, PSR-6700, SY-77 |
| YM3415B (XE450B00) |
LEF |
"Effecter" (sic) |
AVS-10, CVS-10, FX-900, PSR-6000 | |
| YM3419(B) (XF026A00) |
RYP7 |
Drum
rompler that uses external 8bit parallel rom. It
supports both 8bit linear and 12bit packed waveform data formats.
Supports
stereo panning, and up to 63 waveforms in 512kbytes or less. Has an internal stereo
DAC and 4 channel slow ADC. A rarely used feature of this chip is a
/GateEnable
output on pin50. It is not documented, yet operational. This pin is
used to suppress noise (by controlling FETs) but only in first "pilot" run
of PSR-36. |
DD-6, PSS-480, PSS-680, PSS-780, PSR-36, PSR-47, PSR-48 |
|
| YM3420AD and YM3420BF (YM3420BF pinout) |
OPU |
"CPU and FM Tone Generator" |
FM
tone generator along with some 8-bit CPU, RAM, ROM, MIDI interface UART
and a DAC. Program in PSS-480 uses
external gate array to switch ROM pages, as it can only address 64k.
PSS-480 has 288kbytes ROM for program+demo+styles, while in PSR-16 and 36
there's only 16k and 32k bytes for everything respectively. DSR-500 has 32kbytes of ROM and
2kbyte of external RAM. DSR-500, PSS-480 and PSR-16 use mono FM
output and only drums from RYP7 (on PSS-480) can be panned. OPU chip
has 256bytes of internal
RAM and 16kbytes of internal ROM. Tiny RAM size pretty much explains the capacity of sequencer in PSR-16. Versions AD and BF slightly differ in their pinouts. YM3420 AD version is in PSR-16, and seems to have slightly higher audio quality. |
PSS-480, PSS-680, PSS-780, PSR-16, PSR-36, DSR-500 |
| YM3422 (XE862001) |
ES1 |
"Format Converter" |
DAC Format conversion chips |
DSP-E1000, FX-900, SY-99, CLARION DSP-959 |
| YM3422B (XE862B00) |
ES1 |
"Format Converter" | DAC Format conversion chip | MU-80, P-100, P-150, PSR-7000 |
| YM3423 (XF031A00) YM3423A and somehow also YM7104 (XF779A00) |
GEW3 |
"Generator of Wave" "AWM Sound Source & Digital Filter" |
Supports
up to 4Mbyte waverom, but doesn't seem to support waveform sample
loading. Seems to be the last GEW to support 4-bit compressed wave data
besides the yamaha typical 8bit signed. |
CLP-550, CLP-650, CVP-20 |
| YM3424 (XF027A00) |
KPU KPU1 |
"Key Processing Unit" "Key Assigner & CPU" |
CLP-650, CVP-20, CVP-50 | |
| YM3427 (XF778A00?) (XF357A00) |
GE12 |
Square/snippet-wave synth with analogish drums. Unusually, it uses SPI-like serial port for control. Has an internal mono DAC. |
PSS-80, PSS-100 |
|
| YM3433, YM3433B (datasheet) | ALCDF |
"Oversampling Digital Filter" |
Unfortunately, FIR coefficients are in internal maskROM |
CLARION DSP-959 |
| YM3434 (XG610A00) (datasheet) |
AFUDF D.FIL |
"Oversampling Digital Filter" "Over sampling Digital Filter" |
Unfortunately, FIR coefficients are in internal maskROM | FX-900 |
| YM3436 |
DIR2 |
"Digital format interface receiver" |
AW16G, DS2416 (PCI DSP Factory card), SREV1, CLARION DSP-959, SB-168 | |
| YM3436DK (XG948E00) |
DIR2 |
"Digital format interface receiver" | AIEB2, SPX-2000 |
|
| YM3437 | DIT2 |
"Digital format interface transmitter" | AW16G, SREV1, UD-STOMP |
|
| YM3437C-F (XM530A00) |
DIT2 |
"Digital Format Interface Transmitter" | AIEB2 |
|
| YM3438 |
OPN2C |
6 channel, 4 operator FM. Used in some Sega arcade machines, as well as FM-Towns II |
||
| YM3439 |
FM chip used in Atari Falcon 030 |
|||
| YM3440 (XH238A00) (pinout) |
LEF2 |
"L-Effector" |
EL-40, EL-60 | |
| TMC3489NL (I assume it fits here) XE755A0(0) |
SFC |
"Signal Format Converter" |
AVS-10, CVP-50, PSR-6700, SY-22, SY-35 |
|
| TMC3493PH (I assume it fits here) XF987A0(0) |
GEW5 |
"AWM & FM Tone Generator" |
Very
interesting chip that supports unlimited cascading through special
cascading in/out bus and external sync. Two chips can share a single
waverom set using time domain multiplex. Four and even five of these
chips can comfortably sit together and produca a very nice sound (TG-33
and PSR-6700 being the case). Supports up to 2Mbyte of wave
data. FM capabilities appear to be designed similar to OPU chip.
Supports sample loading, if static RAM is conneted instead of ROM.
Sample format is yamaha's future dominant - signed 8bit linear. |
CVP-50, KB-100, PSR-7, PSR-8, PSR-27, PSR-37, PSR-47, PSR-48, PSR-3500, PSR-6700, SY-22, SY-35, TG-33 |
| YM3514 | Since otherwise PCS-30 contains
generic Z80 and a normal sound chip, this one (that so far didn' t pop
up anywhere else) might be some of their controller chips repurposed as a playcard reader peripheral for Z80... I will look at it in some near future. |
PCS-30 |
||
| YM3526 (datasheet) | OPL |
"FM Operator Type-L" |
Used in arcade machines and C-64 FM exapnsion cart. |
|
| YM3533 | OPQ |
"OPQ operator" | Seems to be the same as YM3806. Very interesting 8channel FM chip, that seems to have an unusual sound
character for some patches and some unique sounds. It has some unique tricks up it's sleeve. Jari Kangas did an amazing job reverse engineering and documenting this chip here: GitHub PSR-70 reverse Local mirror: OPQ Programming PDF |
PSR-60, PSR-70 |
| YM3602 |
OPRW |
"OPRW Operator" |
Despite it's name, it's a PCM rompler chip for rhythm part. |
V-50 |
| YM3603 (XA805001) (pinout) |
KBS, KBS1 |
"Keyboard Scanner" |
EL-40, EL-60, HS-5, HS-8, MKX-5 |
|
| YM3604B | CVS-10 | |||
| YM3608 (XA895A00) |
DEQ |
"Digital Equalizer" |
DEQ-7, REV-5 |
|
| YM3609 |
EGM |
TX-802 |
||
| YM3623(B) |
DIR |
"Digital Audio Interface Receiver" |
DIP28 chip with internal vco |
AKAI S3000XL, Luxman LV-113 |
| YM3802 |
MCS |
"MIDI Communication & Service Controller" |
It's
a slow UART, but with built-in FIFO and MIDI clock tick output (pulses
SYNC pin on every received $F8). Has also metronome tick output, which
is just a divided midi clock pulse. An unusual use for these chips has
also been reported by a reader Maxim Vlasov: Yamaha MSX-series
computers YIS-805/128R2 use them for local networking! |
MSX YIS-805/128R2, RX-5 |
| YM3804 (IT380400) |
DSP |
"Digital Signal Processor" |
DSP in 64-pin shrinkDIP, uses DRAM, supports up to 192kbytes. |
CVS-10, DEQ-7, FX-900, HS-8, REX-50, REV-5, REV-7, SPX-90 |
| YM3806 |
OPQ |
"OPQ operator" |
Seems to be the same as YM3533, see above. Jari Kangas did an amazing job reverse engineering and documenting this chip here: GitHub PSR-70 reverse Local mirror: OPQ Programming PDF |
CLP-100, PSR-70 |
| YM3807 (XA902001) |
MOD |
"Modulation Data Generator" |
Provides modulation lfo source to YM3804. |
FX-900, HS-8, REX-50, REV-5, REV-7, SPX-90, SPX-900 |
| YM3808 (XA798001) |
MIX |
"Digital Mixer" |
CVP-50 | |
| YM3809 (XA796001) |
RFL |
"Re Sample Filter" |
HS-5, HS-8 |
|
| YM3812 (datasheet) | OPL2 |
"FM Operator Type-L2" |
Adlib classique |
PSR-11, PSR-12, PSR-21, PSR-22, PSR-31, PSR-32, PSS-460, PSS-470, PSS-560, PSS-570 |
| YM3813 | MPH |
"Micom Peripheral Hardware" |
MKX-5 |
|
| YM3818 | DSPM |
"Digital Signal Processor" |
C20, YDG-2030, YDP-2006 |
|
| YM3901 (XC282001) |
ADA |
AD/DA converter support chip |
DEQ-7, R100, REX-50, REV-5 |
|
| YM3907 |
ADG |
Wave
Address counter array. Very typical design for 80-ties romplers when
synthesizer DSPs were devided into several chips. This is the first
stage, that determines pitch and just counts addresses. 64-pin package. |
RX-5 |
|
| YM3908 |
WDP |
Wave data processor, that does interpolation and scaling. For it's 14 (probably planned for 28?) voices it uses 14 independant DACs (YM3014). 64-pin package. | RX-5 |
|
| YM3931 |
PCM rompler in 64 pin shrinkDIP, used in some arcade machines |
|||
| YM3934 | PMM2 |
"Peak Meter Module" |
C20 |
|
| YM5203 (pinout) |
SCD |
"System Control Decoder" |
FS-50, FS-70 |
|
| YM5207 | SRB |
"Shift Register Bank" |
Special memory for dsp write control store (2x 16bit x128). |
REV-1 |
| YM5210 |
DPAP |
"Double Precision Arithmetic Processor" |
Interesting powerful (for the time) dsp mac unit (16x16bit multiply into 36bit accumulator). |
REV-1 |
| YM5211 | PMM |
Peak Meter Module |
Peak meter for16bit digital audio, outputs 2ch 8bit log (for dB). |
REV-1 |
| TMC57800N |
MIX5 |
"Mixer" |
Digital mixer to mix several GEW-5. |
PSR-6700 |
| YM6007 (XF164A00) |
DSP2 |
"Digital Signal Processor 2" |
Remarkable for having up to 28-bit sample precision delay memory. |
SPX-900, SY-99 |
| YM6029 (XH746A00) |
DPB |
"Digital Patch-Bay" |
FX-900 |
|
| YM6045(C) |
Sega Mega Drive / Genesis early chipset, also known as 315-5364 |
|||
| YM6046 |
Sega Mega Drive / Genesis early chipset, also known as 315-5309 | |||
| YM6071B (XH747A00) |
PMM3 |
"Peak Meter Module" |
FX-900 |
|
| YM6104 (XE788A00) |
DEQ2 |
"Digital Equalizer 2" |
Programmable digital EQ chip with programmable coefficients (internal RAM 128 words). |
C20, FX-500, FX-900, MU-80, SPX-900, YDG-2030, YDP-2006, CLARION DSP-959, |
| YM6633 (XH543A00) |
KSN |
Velocity 88-key keyscanner |
P-100, P-150 |
|
| YM7101 |
VDP |
VDP in Sega Genesis / Mega Drive, also known as 315-5313 |
||
| YM7102 (XG996A00) |
PAN |
SY-77, SY-99, W-5, W-7 |
||
| YM7103 | EGM2 |
SY-77, SY-99 | ||
| YM7104 (XF779A00) (somehow also YM3423) |
GEW3 |
"Generator of Wave" |
Possibly the same as YM3423 but in a different chip package, or something. |
CVP-50 |
| YM7107 | OPS3 |
SY-77, SY-99 | ||
| YM7108 (XF355A00) |
GE13 |
Entire squarewave+drums+accomp minimalistic synth in one tiny DIP18 package. |
PSS-20 |
|
| YM7116 (XG286A00) (pinout) (finally a PSS280 shematic) My research info on OPK and OPK2 |
OPK |
"OPK" |
8 channel stereo FM synth, with integrated PCM drums and DAC. DIP18. Although these keyboards are not rare and are frequently found circuitbent, there was totaly no information about these chips anywhere what so ever. Even regarding existence of OPK. Hooray - now there is! I also have captured all the data being written to the chip and reverse engineered a lot of it. PCM samples are with heavy dynamic compression and envelope gets added on the fly. | PSS-280, PSS-290 |
| YM7119 (pinout) | M3 |
"AWM Tone Generator with Digital Filter" |
Giant 128pin chip, seems rather experimental, as it has a lot of "test pad" pins (at least 12) or no connect ones (at least 13). Seems to be completely reprogrammable (no internal ROM) |
RY-30, SY-55, SY-77, SY-99 |
| YM7121C |
SPC V |
"Signal Processor & Controller & RAM for CD Player" |
CD pickup servo control, efm demod, fec, jitter attenuator. Not a synth chip. |
|
| YM7126 |
||||
| YM7128(B) (datasheet) | SP2 |
"Surround Processor" |
Can also do simple reverbs, has a miniature ram on die, operates in yamaha-style weird samplerate: 23.6kHz |
|
| YM7129 (pinout) My research info on OPK and OPK2 |
OPK2 |
"OPK2 Operator" |
8
channel stereo FM synth, with integrated PCM drums and DAC. DIP18.
Although these keyboards are not rare and are frequently found
circuitbent, there was totaly no information about these chips anywhere
at all. Even regarding existence of OPK. Hooray - now there is! I
also have captured all the data being written to the chip and reverse
engineered a lot of it. PCM samples are with heavy dynamic compression
and envelope gets added on the fly. |
PSS-26, PSS-280, PSS-290, PSS-380, PSS-390. |
| YM7131 (XH236A00) (pinout) |
OPLZ |
"FM Tone Generator" |
Did
you knew such a OPLZ even existed? I haven't scoped/captued it, but it
seems to be of the rare kind that outputs linear (instead of
exponent&magnitude) digital audio. |
EL-40, EL-60 |
| YM7132 (XH235A00) (pinout) |
OPWZ |
"AWM Tone Generator" |
EL-40, EL-60 | |
| YM7133 (pinout) |
LRV |
Reverb DSP. Reqires external DRAM |
PSR-18, PSR-19 |
|
| YM7137 (pinout) (typical usage schematic) |
OPJ |
"OPJ Operator" |
CPU
+ FM + PCM drums. While considered by many to be a stubborn unbendable
all-in-one chip, I managed to find an access to it's soundsource, which
I was digging back in the day to use in a first-of-a-kind OPJ sound
module.
It is rather similar to OPK, but OPJ's builtin CPU firmware lacks any
realtime assistance stuff that allows OPK synths have more live, fat
and dazzling sounds. There are three maskrom versions: 3D, 4E and 5F. 4E is only used in the keyboards with 61 key and "digital signal processing" feature. The only thing added is "reverb" and "echo" button controlled toggling of two output pins for LRV reverb chip. There are also some key scan pin differences between 3D and 4E. Version 5F is found only in PSR-100. I am planning someday to kludge up a page, devoted to OPJ hacking. Not sure when, though. |
PSR-2, PSR-3, PSR-18, PSR-19, PSR-100, PSS-9, PSS-16, PSS-50, PSS-190, and other FM keyboards with "Ad-lib" button. |
| YM7138 | GEW6 |
"AWM Tone Generator & D/A converter" |
Rompler,
capable
of addressing up to 4Mbyte of 12-bit packed or 8-bit linear wave data,
single sample size limited to 64kpoints. Decompressing (unpacking)
12-bit/sample data feature looks nice, but it has otherwise very limited
processing capabilities and has
rather weird, limited DAC system with no way to pan. Its 4 ch muxed DAC
is primarily
used as hard wired four fixed pan positions. LFO and envelopes seem to
be handled in software (usually via matsushita/panasonic cpu) and pitch
& level gets
updated at about 80Hz or something. There's no dsp parameter smoothing
engine for smooth updating, so envelopes do audibly buzz. Volume
multiplier is also very improvised - something like 12x5bit. I wouldn't
call it a real DSP. It uses 16 clocks for every voice to be calculated
- so it most likely does multiplication using sequential additions. However, it also has an FM tone generator capabilities, as well as sample loading (if wavesram present on board) feature which were rarely, if ever, used. |
PSS-590, PSS-595, PSS-790, PSS-795, QY-10 |
YMF, YMM, YMW series
| IC name |
Yamaha's alias |
Yamahas official short description | My notes |
Used in |
| YMF262 |
OPL3 |
Legend in default PC sound of early 90-ties. |
||
| YMF278B |
OPL4 |
"FM+Wave Table Synthesizer LSI" |
There is something very GEW6-ish in it. It's different, but there are notable programming, format and stucture similarities. |
|
| YMF704B-S YMF704C-S |
OPL4-ML |
"FM+Wave Table Synthesizer LSI" |
Single
chip solution of a very simple general midi compatile synth. Used on
tiny "Creative WaveBlaster - compatible" boards for PC sound cards.
Contains 1Mbyte of wave data and an OPL-3 compatible chip. |
|
| YMF711 |
OPL3-SA2 |
"OPL3 Single Chip Audio System 2" |
Boring ultra-integrated sinle-chip solution for ultra-cheap PC soundcards. |
|
| YMF715 |
OPL3-SA3 |
"OPL3 Single Chip Audio System 3" | Boring ultra-integrated sinle-chip solution for ultra-cheap PC soundcards. | |
| YMF724 | DS-1 |
Boring ultra-integrated sinle-chip solution for ultra-cheap PC soundcards with PCI slot. |
||
| YMF730 | AC-2 |
Integrated ADC, DAC, mixer and S/P-DIF interface for PC sound cards. |
||
| YMP706-F (XT329A00) |
FS1, FS1-AB |
"AWM Tone Generator & Digital Filter" |
Used for FM and formant synthesis. |
DX-200, FS1R, PLG150-DX |
| YMW258-F (XJ427A00) (pinout) |
GEW8 | "AWM & FM tone generator" |
PCM+FM 28 voice dsp, that renders waves quite nicely. It seems it was designed as a high end sound source of the time, and requires 18bit external DAC. For sound modules with reverb, there is special port (pin26..31) to connect optional LDSP (YM3413). Wave memory can be up to 4Mbytes. Sample loading is supported, but it then requires large amounts of static memory (along usual waverom). Supports both 8bit and 12bit wave formats. |
MU-5, PSS-51, PSR-200, PSR-210, PSR-215, PSR-300, PSR-310, PSR-400, PSR-410, PSR-500, PSR-510, PSR-600, QR-10, QY-20, TG-100 |
| YMW258B-F |
GEW8S |
"AWM tone generator" |
Seemed to be just 3.3V version of GEW-8, but it's still powered from 5V, so there's some other differences yet to spot out. |
PSR-320, PSR-420, RY-9, ?PSR-600, ?PSR-210, ?PSR-215, ? - means I am not sure about those ones regarding 5V or 3.3V |
| YMW259-F |
GEW9 |
"AWM Tone Generator & Digital Filter" |
38? (for P pianos it is 32)
voice polyphony oldschool beastie. Uses external, standard DACs (in
case of PSR-5700 - analog devices AD1862) as well as need external
effects processors (like LEF and LDSP). Given it is used with
11.727MHz, presumably it uses 7 clocks per voice (7x38) for
44.1kHz, but it needs to be checked in hw. |
P-100, P-150, PSR-5700, PSR-6000 likely also P50-m |
| YMW266-F (XK817A00) |
M3B |
Rare,
and therefore interesting, but still just an AWM rompler - so equally
boring. It was designed as a high end thingy, with ability to address
up to 32Mbyte of 16bit wide waverom. |
W-5, W-7 |
|
| YMW270-F (XK328A00) (pinout) |
GEW7 |
"AWM Tone Generator and DAC" |
8-bit
CPU and RAM (~256 bytes total), combined with a
14-voice hardware multichannel rompler. Rompilng part seems
to be a cut down version of GEW6. There is no built-in UART for MIDI,
unfortunately. Samples
are in linear signed 8-bit format, however packed 12-bit format is also supported. Shared ROM space for program, styles,
demos,
lookup tables and samples. ROM address space is only 512kbytes, and
what's worse - a single sample cannot be longer than 16kbytes. However it supports reverse
playback that , as
far as I've seen, never appeared to be used on actual keyboards with
these chips. Only used in keyboards with the "Music Mode Selector" knob. Grab the pinout file, as it was nowhere else to be found. I have done some lot of successful disassemblies of the firmware, and also run those with modified code and did all sorts of bizzare fun. I am planning to kludge up a page, devoted to GEW7/7S internals and firmware design. Be back in a while.. |
PSS-11, PSS-21, PSS-31, PSR-75, PSR-110, PSR-150 |
| YMW275-F (XN346A00) |
SWP20 |
"AWM tone generator coped with MEG; Standard Wave Processor" |
Monstrous
(back then) chip with 32 voice polyphony and filters. Can be paired to
double it. Supports sampling. Requires a bunch of accompying chips. |
PSR-7000 |
| YMW275B-F | SWP20B | Seems pin-compatible and interchangable with the non-B version. |
MU-80 |
|
| YMW276-F (XM732A00) |
GEW7I |
"AWM Tone Generator and DAC" |
Odd
and rare variation of
ortherwise very popular low quality GEW-7. Although has the same
pinout, and still 5V, but is stated as not interchangable with GEW7 and has some bugfixes regarding
DAC outputs. |
DD-9, DD-20, also later revisions of PSR-110 |
| YMM279-F (XN347A00) |
SWD |
"Standard Wave Decoder" |
One of the accompanees for SWP20. |
MU-80, PSR-7000 |
| YMW282-F (XP206A00) (pinout) |
GEW7S |
"AWM tone generator with integrated DAC" |
8-bit
CPU and RAM (~256 bytes total), combined with a
14-voice hardware multichannel rompler. Rompilng part seems
to be a cut down version of GEW6. There is no built-in UART for MIDI,
unfortunately. Samples
are in linear signed 8-bit format, however packed 12-bit format is also supported. Shared ROM space for program, styles,
demos,
lookup tables and samples. ROM address space is only 512kbytes, and
what's worse - a single sample cannot be longer than 16kbytes. However it supports reverse
playback that , as
far as I've seen, never appeared to be used on actual keyboards with
these chips. A reader (Thank you, John!) reported that PSR-190 also uses this chip, although the keyboard looks like a downgrade of PSR-220 (that has much better sounding GEW10), and recently I confirmed this myself as well - in both PSR-190 and it's mono variant - PSR-78. This "S" version of GEW7 seems to only differ in lower system voltage (+3.3V instead of +5V) and altered pin48 bonding. I have done some lot of successful work on the firmware, and also run those with modified features and did all sorts of bizzare fun. I am planning to kludge up a page, devoted to GEW7/7S internals and firmware design. Got this baby rather deeply reversed, down to sample and voice descriptors and program structure. Be back in a while.. |
PSS-6 (surprisingly), PSS-12, PSR-73, PSR-74, PSR-76, PSR-77, PSR-78, PSR-125, PSR-180, PSR-185, PSR-190 |
| YMW703 |
GEW10 |
"AWM Tone Generator" |
Has
a general purpose CPU integrated, requires external DAC. Renders waves
very well, and has nice sound (significanty better than GEW7). Sample
formats supported are 8bit signed linear format and a then-new packed
12bit (incompatible with their classic 12bit) format. |
PSR-220, PSR-230, PSR-330 |
| YMW716 (XT332A00) |
GEW11 |
Some
realy weird, stripped down GEW (CPU+12voice_rompler+DAC) even with integrated
ROM (I suppose 64 or 128kbyte) and all this in hilarious DIP-28. I am
still searching for any info on them, as Yamaha does not seem to have any
service info for these keyboards. Please let me know, if you have
stumbled upon this chip in any other keyboard. |
PSS-7, PSS-14, PSS-15 |
|
| YMW728-F (XU355A00) YMW728B-F (XV762A00) (pinout and generic synth schematic) |
GEW12 GEW12B |
"AWM Tone Generator" |
Conceptual,
technical and spritual successor to the horrid GEW7S. However how it is
much better, with 4Mbyte (2Mword) address space (instead of 512k in
GEW7) but
still in 8kbyte pages for control cpu (that still has 64k address
space), and it
now features a built in MIDI UART. Still sound is abominable (and
~27kHz samplerate is not to blame), partly due to intentionally
lowpassed and crippled samples (even when not saving space:
like for the crash cymbal, brass and certain strings - just
severely lowpassed but still taking as
much space as a fullband sample). Includes CPU and RAM. Shared 16bit ROMspace for program, auto-bass-chord patterns, song data, lookup tables and samples. Interestingly while actually it does 32 voices, those are used for pseudo-stereo sounds and dual patches, so that most synths are 16 voice. No dsp effects. Sample formats supported are 8bit signed and packed 10bit. I have done disassemblies of the firmware and what not, and also run those with modified features and did all sorts of bizzare fun. Such a lofi chip was a ridiculous surprise to find in a 76-key digital piano YPR-50, along with just a 1Mbyte rom for everything. |
DD-35,
EZ-150, EZ-20, EZ-J23,
PSR-79, PSR-140, PSR-160, PSR-170, PSR-172, PSR-175, PSR-195, PSR-202,
PSR-240, PSR-248, PSR-260, PSR-B20, PSR-GR200, PSR-J20, YPR-50; (as well as almost all other with
round "DJ"
button, except PSR-350 and maybe something else) |
| YMW767-V YMW767-VT YMW767-VTZ ?YMM757-VTZ |
SWL01 SWL01T SWL01B |
"CPU & XG Lite Generator" |
CPU with minimalistic hardware SWP-xx type synth. No insert/aux effect, only reverb&chorus; 32-voices. Not much fun. Just a bare minimum GM with additional sounds. |
CP-33,
DD-65, DGX-203, DGX-205, DGX-305, DGX-505, DGX-520, DGX-620, EZ-J24, EZ-200, EZ-250, EMX series, H-01, KB-180, KBP-300, KBP-500,
MM-6, MM-8, NP-30, P-70, P-85, P-95, P-140, P-140S, PSR-293, PSR-295, PSR-E203, PSR-E323, PSR-K1, PSR-R300, PSR-S500,
PSR-VN300, SKB-180 |
(YA876A00) |
SWL01U |
"CPU" |
DD-45 (YDD-40), NP-V60, NP-V80, P-35, P-105, PSR-E432 |
|
| YMW830-V (YE577A00) YMW830-VZ |
SWLL |
Very
minimal, Casio-ish chip,
that boots from external high speed serial (quad-)spi rom, and is in an
80 pin package. Has an internal PLL that multiplies external 16.9344MHz
clk to 67.7376MHz. There's also a JTAG port. There's a MIDI port as
well (pin 54-out, 55-in cmos3v3 level). Remie PCB has an unpopulated spot for usb controller. |
PSR-F50, PSS-A50, PSS-E30, PSS-F30 Remie, likely also PSR-F51 |
|
| YMW832-CZ | SWP70 |
This
one is capable of incredibly fantastic sound. Uses NAND memory for
waves, which is considerably concerning in regards to longevity of
synth's life... though to fix it you may just need to do pcb rework of
the chips and reflashing them. However, someone has to make working
dumps for that to be an option. |
MODX-6, MODX-7, MODX-8. |
YA series
| IC name |
Yamaha's alias |
Yamahas official short description | My notes |
Used in |
| YA3256 | See below - IG12032 | MK-100 |
YSD/YSF/YSP/YSS series
| IC name |
Yamaha's alias |
Yamahas official short description | My notes |
Used in |
| YSD917 |
DIR5 |
"Digital Format Interface Receiver" |
||
| YSF207 (XI976A00) (pinout) |
DCF1 |
"Digital Controlled Filter" |
EL-40, EL-60 |
|
| YSF210 (XK280A00) |
"8 time Over Sampling Digital Filter" |
YDG-2030, YDP-2006 | ||
| YSP99 LZ95D59 (XM047A00) |
Gate array |
FX-770, REV-100, REV-500, YDG-2030, YDP-2006 | ||
| YSS203 (Xi022A00) |
HL DSP |
DSP-E1000 |
||
| YSS205-F |
SW-60XG |
|||
| YSS208 (XI816A00) |
DSPN |
"Digital Signal Processor" |
EMP-100, FX550, FX-770, P-100, P-150 likely also P50-m |
|
| YSS217(B)(-F) |
DSP-V |
"Digital Signal Processor" |
DSP for "virtual acoustic" syntesis |
PLG-100VL, VL1m |
| YSS225 |
EP |
DSP for effects, I think I saw these used on some pc isa or pci boards. |
||
| YSS228-F (XQ962A00) | DSP3 | Effects DSP, also used in the PLG harmonizer board. | M3000, PLG-100VH, ProR3 | |
| YSS228D-F (XQ962C00) |
DSP3 | REV-500 | ||
| YSS228E-F | Used for effects and mixing |
DS2416, SW-1000XG |
||
| YSS233-F (XP268A00) |
MDSP |
Used for effects and mixing | PLG150-AN, PLG150-DX |
|
| YSS236 (-F) (pinout and schematic) | VOP3 | Vocal harmonizer. Can also be used for other effects and filtering. | CVP-107, CVP-109, CVP-208, CVP-210, CVP-700, CVP-900, FS1R, PLG150-AN, PSR-740, PSR-2000, PSR-2100, PSR-9000 | |
| YSS903 | KP2V |
"Karaoke Processor 2 for Video disc player" | ||
| YSS910(-S) (XV988A00) | DSP6 | 01X, AW-16G, AG-STOMP, UD-STOMP, REV-1, SPX-2000 | ||
| YSS915 | KP2V2 |
"Karaoke Processor 2 for Video disc player" |
Single
chip immensly crappy karaoke echo and some very limited rudimentary
pitch shifting. Besides digital audio bus i/o, also has a built-in mono ADC and a stereo DAC. |
Omnitronic DVP-36 |
| YSS916 | CNV3 | FIR convolver | REV-1 | |
| YSS919 (XZ693A00) | DSP7 | "Digital Signal Processor" | Massive DSP in PQ-208 package. | 01X, AW-16G, SB-168 |
| YSS919B (XZ693B00) |
DSP7 | "Digital Signal Processor" |
SP2060 |
|
| YSS928 | AC3D3 | DPU-50 |
Custom Yamaha chips from miscellaneous chip fabs
| IC name |
Yamaha's alias |
Yamahas official short description | My notes |
Used in |
(XB810001) |
SI-1 |
Serial
interface for ROM/RAM cartridge slots. Some odball stuff from the
electone times. As it seems, yamaha was then completely crasy about
serial interfacing, even within a single board. |
HS-8 |
|
| JG541023 |
DDE1 |
"DAC Dynamic Range Enhancer" |
probably the same vendor as iG |
MU-90R, MU-100R |
| HD92098 (XM309A00) |
MEG |
"Multiple Effect Generator" |
One of the accompanies for SWP20 in PSR-7000 and MU-80 for insert and system effects. Used also in the overcomplicated W-5/W-7. |
MU-80, PSR-7000, W-5, W-7 |
| HG73C201FD (XT890A00) | SWX00 | "Tone Generator" | Crappy sound of the
DJX is related to the fact, that most, if not all, of the wave rom
comes from terrible GEW-12 based keyboards - the ones with a black
"DJ!" button. Or maybe it's oher way around... who cares. All the
garish and lackluster samples like raunchy "One more time!",
"Yeeaahh.." and "Comeon-a!" are found on GEW12 keybards (that you can
easily find for 25$), so there is nothing special or "rare" about DJX. Supports 8bit linear and compessed LDPCM wave formats. Maybe also something else, but doesn't seem so (so far). And sampling in both DJX and DJX-2 are done by the control processor (simple cpu, not DSP!), using analog inputs designed for potentiometer slow readout. Scary lo-fi cheapness. | CVP-201, CVP-203, PSR-225, PSR-270, ?PSR-272, PSR-D1 (DJX) |
| HG73C205FD | SWX000 |
"Tone Generator" | RM1x |
|
| HG73C205AFD (XU947C00) |
SWX00B |
"Tone Generator & CPU" |
Has
a great, expressive sound, and can sound rather delicate. Can operate as
both a system controller and a real DSP. Usually used in pairs, with
one doing system control and additional DSP functions (more inserts or
effects sections), while the other does all wave and main effect
funtionality. When used alone, it is a good XG synthesizer. Surprisingly it's found also in a PSR-350 with the ridiculous "DJ!" button, and everything suggesting that keyboard has the lofi GEW12 instead. In AN-200 and DX-200 it is used as a controller, AWM sounds and effects processing. FM is done on a separate PLG-DX module, and for AN - a separate PLG150-AN board. It is also both controller and DSP in a EZ-TP trumpet and EZ-EG guitar. Developed in 1998. |
AN-200, CLP-950, CVP-103, CVP-105, CVP-107, CVP-109, CVP-202, CVP-204, CVP-205, CVP-206, CVP-208,
CVP-210, DB-51XG, DD-55, DJXII, DJXIIB, DGX-300, DGX-500, DX-200, EZ-30, EZ-J53, EZ-EG, EZ-TP, MIE-2XG,
P-60, P-90, P-120, PF-1000, PSR-280, PSR-350, PSR-450, PSR-540, PSR-550,
PSR-640, PSR-1000, PSR-1100, PSR-A1000, PSR-GX76, QY-100, S-03,
S-08, YPP-100, YPP-200 |
| LC9111A-310 (XG077A00) |
LDO2 |
Gate
array with glue logic, LED scanning, general purpose outputs, memory
page (16kbyte) flipping management for HD6303 CPU, as well as chip
select decoding. |
PSR-47 |
|
| LC9111A-321SS28 (XG276A00) |
SS28 |
"SS28" |
Glue logic gate array, that also provides memory space extension (16kbyte pages) for large ROM connection. |
PSS-380, PSS-390 |
| LC92018B-476 (XI045A00) |
RI54 |
"RI54 Gate Array" |
Gate array for sharing wave bus between many GEW-5. |
PSR-6700 |
| LC92018B-500 (XI616A00) |
LD03 |
PSR-4000 |
||
| M50734SP (XB826001) |
"Master CPU" |
A rather specific microcontroller that has various inputs and outpus only for electone stuff like knee lever and such. |
HS-8 |
|
| M60011-0110P (XB828001) |
ADEC |
"Address Decoder" |
Address decoder gate array used to generate chipselects for various peripherals around cpu. |
HS-8 |
(XB829001) |
GFA |
"GEW Format Adaptor" |
For GEW1. |
HS-5, HS-8 |
| R8A02032BG (X8810A00) |
SWX02 |
Wave processor, that contains fast (128MHz internal, 64MHz bus, PLL'ed from 16MHz quartz) SH-2A CPU (32bit), equipped with JTAG. |
DTX-Multi 12, DGX-630, DGX-640, MDP-30, MOX-6, MOX-8, PSR-S550, R01 (Modus digital piano), SB-168 |
|
| R8A02042BG (YC479A00) |
SWX08 |
Curiously,
the
DSP part for some reason is not allways used, and instead functions
only as a system
controller along with
SWP51L for the wave and effects job. So in regards to its sound, only
MX-series and DGX-650 should be taken into account, since these are the
only ones with effects
DRAM or WaveROM pins used. |
DGX-650, MX-49, MX-61, MX-88, PSR-S750, PSR-S950 | |
| TC14L010 (XM407A00) |
"Gate Array" |
Toshiba
gate array, customized for multiport async serial stuff for midi and
host, misc i/o, as well as address space decoding logic. |
MU-80 |
|
| TC14L010AF-1742 (XQ460C00) |
SHI |
"Gate Array" | Contains a lot of glue logic such as address map decoding. |
PSR-4000 |
| TC17G005AN-0023 (XB809001) |
MI1, MI-1 I/O |
"M-Electone Interface" |
Electone/clavinova stuff circa 1987. Toshiba gate array, customized for some serial I/O related to ram packs. |
CVP-8, DSR-1000, EL-40, EL-60, Electone HS-5 and HS-8 |
| TC17G008AN-0013 (XB811001) | RBUF | "Rhythm Buffer" | Gate
array that "emulates" two of strange serial roms (YM2190x) using data
from classic parallel 8-bit ROM, up to 256kbytes. ShrinkDIP-42. | PSR-80, PSR-90, PSR-6300, HS-8 |
| TC170C120SF-003 (XQ036A00) |
SWP00 |
"(AWM Tone Generator) Standard Wave Processor" |
Custom gate array ASIC manufactured by toshiba. Iconic XG sound of 1995. Yes, CS1X has nothing more than a simply generic early XG module. |
CS-1X, DB-50XG, MU-50, PSR-520, PSR-620, PSR-4000, QS-300, QY-700, SW-60XG |
| TC203C060AF-001 |
SWP00M |
"(AWM Tone Generator) Standard Wave Processor" |
Custom gate array ASIC manufactured by toshiba. Lofi-ish DSP that has some appealing aspects to its muddy sound. |
QY-70, PSR-530, PSR-630 |
| TC203C760HF-001 |
SWP30 |
"AWM Tone Generator coped with MEG, Standard Wave Processor" |
Very nice flagship-beyound-XG sound of around 1997-1999. | MU-90, MU-90R, MU-100, MU-100R, PSR-730 |
| TC203C760HF-002 (XS725A00) |
SWP30B |
"AWM Tone Generator coped with MEG, Standard Wave Processor" |
Some MU-100(R) have these ones instead of SWP30, so they are likely interchangeable/pin compatible. Developed in 1996. Very nice flagship-beyound-XG sound of around 1997-1999. |
A-5000, A-6000, CS-2X, CS-6R, CS-6X, CVP-207, CLP-208, CLP-209, CVP-210, CVP-700, CVP-900, EX-5, Motif 6/7/8, MU-128, PSR-740, PSR-2000, PSR-2100, PSR-9000, RS-7000, S-30, S-80, S-90, SW-1000XG |
| T6TJ3XBG-0001 (X8940A00) |
SWP51L |
"Tone Generator" |
A cut-down version of SWP51/B.
Using full monstrous SWP51 in usual PSR kind of keyboards was obviously an
overkill, so later ones use these smaller cut-down "Lite" ones. MOX already was designed as MOXF, yet just had the second SWP51L not soldered/mounted on board, and a different/simplified firmware. |
CVP-501, CVP-609, MOX-6, MOX-8, MOXF-6, MOXF-8, PSR-S710, PSR-S910, PSR-S750, PSR-S950, R01 (Modus digital piano), Tyros-4 |
| T6TZ2XBG-0001 (X7376A00) |
SWP51 |
"Tone Generator" |
CVP-401, Motif-XS, Motif-XF |
|
| T6TZ2XBG-0002 (X7376B00) |
SWP51B |
"Tone Generator" | Quite
a remarkable chip. For a yamaha, It's powerful and massive in all
regards, rather comparable to Roland's amazing WX chip. |
F-11 (Modus), H-11, Motif-XS Rack, PSR-S700, PSR-S900, Tyros-3 |
| T8F02TB-0102 (X0060A00) |
SWP50 |
"Tone Generator" | Astounding DSP that can sound way different from all the legacy without much effort. It is powerful and rather comparable to Roland's amazing XV or even WX chip. | CLP-150, CP-300, DDK-7, MO-6, MO-8, Motif Rack, Motif-ES, P-250, PF-500, PSR-1500, PSR-3000, S-90ES, Tyros, Tyros-2 |
iG custom ASICs
| IC name |
Yamaha's alias |
Yamahas official short description | My notes |
Used in |
| iG02600 (pinout) |
VCA |
"Voltage Controlled Amplifier" |
iG02600 - "Gain rank M" iG02601 - "Gain rank L" iG02602 - "Gain rank K" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500, C-55N |
| iG02610, iG02611 |
VCF |
Analog VCF. |
C-55N |
|
| iG03290 |
"BBD Clock Driver" |
C-55N, FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | ||
| iG03971 |
"Reverb" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | ||
| iG06110 |
IEF |
Magnetic head amplifier for Playcard reader and additional filter for some implementations of playcard system as a filter for harmony obbligato voice filtering. |
PC-100 |
|
| iG06450 (pinout) |
DRM1 |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | ||
| iG06500 (pinout) |
DAC |
"Degital to Anlog Converter" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | |
| iG065300 | GEF |
"Low Pass Filter" |
PC-100 |
|
| iG07110 |
DRM2 |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | ||
| iG071400 (internal schematic with pinout) | MMA |
PC-100 |
||
| iG07950 |
"Clock Buffer" |
FS-50, FS-70, FS-300, FS-500 | ||
| iG09510 iG095100 |
GE6 |
"Generator" |
PCM wavetable synthesizer. Supports 8kbyte WaveROM. Requires external DAC. |
PS-55, CN-1000 |
| iG09520 iG095200 |
IE2 |
"Intelligence Electone" |
Intelligence is allways watching you. And your playcards, too. |
CN-1000 |
| iG09560 iG095600 (schematic with pinout) |
DAC |
"Digital Analog Converter" |
Parallel
input, "floating point" data: 10 bit mantissa and 3bit exponent. Two
stock chips combined in one package: MN6007 and MN6008 |
CN-1000, PS-25, PS-35, PS-55 |
| iG10771 (shrinkDIP-64) | GE7 | "Tone Generator 7" | Interesting pre-FM soundsource, with sweet noisedrums and nice polyphony. Massive 64-pin shrinkDIP. A bunch of pins are used for parallel DAC stuff, which is done on two resistor ladders (decoded 3-bits for exponent and 10-bit mantissa). Sadly it all gets mixed to one output (no separate ones for rhythm or something), so unless digital data gets captured and converted on our own board (and there is no frame/group sync, btw), everything is just a single channel. Contains comparator for battery-low checking, programmable metronome led driving, tempo pot ADC and timer for tempo IRQ generator, internal key frequency lookup table, and a single-loop wavetable ROM of sorts. Envelope and waveform is also set by just a preset variation (in chip registers) instead of true ADSR. By the way, PSR-40 is running on Z80 cpu typical system with no other custom chips than this one, so let's get on disassembling its firmware, as there is a lot to improve there. I've already disassembled it a bit, and figured out and commented some stuff, so a separate article for it is probably coming someday. | MK-100, PSS-260, PSS-450, PSR-40 |
| iG10090 iG100900 | "BBD Modulator" | CCD (BBD) delay line chorus controller / driver. Despite simple looks, contain two ROMs and two DACs, besides all other stuff. | MK-100, CN-1000 | |
| iG06110 |
IEF |
Chip for playcard system, that interfaces the magnetic head to the YM1020 |
PC-100 |
|
| iG06440 | ||||
| iG0606 | Power amplifier, LA4142 clone | |||
| iG00153 | VCO III | CS-30 | ||
| iG00156 | VCF | CS-30 | ||
| iG12032 also YA3256 |
MaskROM with program for i8085 cpu. Contains pattern, lin-log and preset instrument data as well. No waveforms. |
MK-100 |
||
| iG15504 |
||||
| iG15601 |
Thanks also to the guys who contributed or sent in some info I missed: Christoph Kukulies, Claus, Toralf Lenz and many more!
Thanks again and sorry if I haven't yet replied to some of you, I just have so many emails, it takes months to dig through!